Talk:Aufgaben:Problem 14
Not sure of we are allowed some of the arguments in you proof of (a) in the exam, so here is my attempt for an alternative proof:
Let \(\rho\) be an irred. rep. of G on \(V\Rightarrow\) for any \(g\in G\) there \(\exists \lambda \in \mathbb{C}, v \in V\) such that \( \rho(g) v = \lambda v\). \( \forall h \in G\):
$$ (\rho(g) - \lambda \mathbb{I}) \rho(h)v = \rho(g)\rho(h)v - \lambda \mathbb{I}\rho(h)v$$
because G is abelian, and the identity commutes:
$$ = \rho(h)\rho(g)v - \lambda\rho(h)\mathbb{I}v = \rho(h)\lambda v - \lambda\rho(h)v = 0$$
\( \Rightarrow Ker(\rho(g) - \lambda \mathbb{I})\) is invariant and therfore equal to V \( \Rightarrow \rho(g) = \lambda \mathbb{I}\).
This implies that every one dimensional subspace of V is invariant, and thus V has to be one dimensional itself.
\(\Rightarrow ch(\rho)(g) = \lambda\) and the forward dircetion is proven.
Back: The homomorphisms \(\chi:G \rightarrow \mathbb{C}^* = GL(\mathbb{R}) \) are one-dimensional and therefore irreducible representations of G on \(\mathbb{R}\).
Carl (talk) 09:37, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
--Brynerm (talk) 13:33, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
You're right. My proof is inaccurate. Instead of \(End(\mathbb{C}^G)\) I actually wantet to use the space of all unitary representations \(u: G \rightarrow U(\mathbb{C}^G) \). But the dimension formula is completly wrong. One could use the dimension theorem \(|G|=\sum{dim(\chi)^2}\) which we didn't prove though.
Yes, but we where allowed to use it in one of the exercises, so I don't know. Same goes for \(|\{\chi\}|=|\{C_k\}| = |G| \) which you need for (b) if not for (a)
About (b): how do you get \(|Im(f)|=dim(\hat{\hat{G}})\)?
Carl (talk) 15:38, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
Yes, that exactly was my thought. I was quite sure, that we've had in the lecture, that the character table is quadratic. But maybe we did this only for the first definition of the characters.
--Brynerm (talk) 16:14, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
I can't find any mistakes in the alternative proof or lemma 5' and 6. Seems to work out very nicely. Where do you see any problems?
Carl (talk) 18:13, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
It's just, that it is so short, and I'd been struggling with finding a proof for this for so long ;-) So I will now seperate the alternative proof completly. Otherwise it's getting messy.
Maybe Lemma 3 (Solution 1) can be used to show \(|\{\chi\}|=|G|\): If you differ \(|G|\) and \(|\hat{G}|\) strictly, Lemma 6 Looks like \(|G|=|Z_{\hat{G}}|\cdot |\hat{G}|\) which leads to \(|G|\leq|\hat{G}|\). But as the deltafunctions are a basis for \(L(G)\) with \(|\{\delta_g\}|=|G|\) there can't be more than \(|G|\) different linear independent functions in \(L(G)\). So \(|G|=|\hat{G}|\)
That would be a circle proof: when proving that \(\{\chi\}\) is a basis of \( L(G)\) you already used the fact that \(|G|=|\{\chi\}|\).
Carl (talk) 19:48, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
I only used that \(\{\delta_g\}\) is a basis and that \(\{\chi\}\) are linearly independent. Therefore \(|\{\chi\}|\leq|\{\delta_g\}|=|G|\)
--Brynerm (talk) 20:05, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
You're right, it should work. But then you would have to use the longer proof with linear independence...
Carl (talk) 20:27, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
Indeed, the independence would have to be showed too. Maybe there's a much shorter proof then the one with the convolution. As those lemmas are not in the alternative solution, both solution will get about equally longer.
--Brynerm (talk) 20:36, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
alternative for Lemma 4:
\(\chi\) is a character:
$$\chi(g)^* = \chi(g^{-1})$$
\(\chi\) is homomorphic
$$ = \chi(g)^{-1} \Rightarrow 1 = \chi(g)\chi(g)^* = |\chi(g)|$$
Carl (talk) 21:39, 15 June 2015 (CEST)
I did some reading about this stuff: The hat function is the discrete Fourier transform on an abelian group (no surprise). And (a) is the Pontryagin dual theorem. All the proofs that I found in the literature use or first prove the fact that a finite abelian group is isomorphic to a direct sum of cyclic groups (long an not so easy). Maybe there still is a shorter proof, especially since we can easily prove the fact that the characters are on the unit circle, but I couldn't quite get there...
Regarding the dimension theorem and #irr. rep. = #conjugacy classes: we obviously need them in Exercise 7, so I think we can use them after all.